Ivyagezwe mu guhingura ibintu vyo gupakira impano

Cokimwe n’uguhingura amatangazo, ubuhinga bwo gupfunyika bushobora kutagira ibishushanyo rimwe na rimwe, ariko ntibishobora kutagira inyandiko, inyandiko ni vyo bihambaye kugira ngo bishikirize ibintu vy’imiterere y’ibipapuro, vyinshiIgishushanyo cizani ukwitwararika umugambi, canke mbere n’ugushaza ikintu co gushaza vyose n’ihinduka ry’ivyanditswe.

Gupakira ibirimwo cane cane mu bice bikurikira:

A. Icanditswe c’ishimikiro: izina ry’ivyo bikoresho, izina n’izina ry’ishirahamwe ry’uguhingura. Itunganywa rusangi ry’ikigaragaza nyamukuru mu maso, izina ry’umuhinguzi na ryo nyene rishobora gutunganirizwa mu ruhande canke inyuma. Izina ry’igishushanyo ku bijanye n’ugutunganya rusangi, gufasha gushinga ishusho y’igicuruzwa. Izina ryanditswe rishobora gushariza kugira ngo rihinduke.

B. Igitabo c’amakuru: inyandiko y’amakuru, harimwo n’imiterere y’ibintu, ubushobozi, akarorero, ibisobanuro n’ibindi. Gutegura ibindi bice mu ruhande rwo gupfunyika, inyuma, na vyo nyene birashobora gutunganirizwa imbere. Yagenewe gukoresha imyandikire yacapuwe. Insobanuro: insobanuro y’ikoreshwa ry’igicuruzwa, ikoreshwa, ugutunganya, ukwiyubara n’ibindi. Ico canditswe gikwiye kuba gitomoye kandi gitomoye, kandi ururimi rukwiye gucapwa. Muri rusangi ntiyatunganijwe imbere y’ivyo bipfukisho.

C. Ivyanditswe vyo kwamamaza: Ivyo ni vyo bitera imbere mu bijanye n’ibiranga ibirimwo, ibirimwo bikwiye kuba inzira y’ukuri, yoroshe, igaragara, ntikwiye guhenda no gutera imbere, imiterere y’ibice bishobora guhinduka. Ariko rero, icanditswe co kwamamaza si icanditswe gikenewe.

Igishushanyo c'inyuguti

Ifoto y’igishinwa ifise imvugo nziza cane, irimwo ibiranga inyuguti zitandukanye, ni ururimi rugaragara rw’uguhingura ibintu.

Iyandiko y’umubiri wacapuwe iratomoye kandi yoroshe gukoresha, kandi iyo porogarama iri ku gipfukisho ni ikintu gisanzwe. Ibimenyetso vy’Abashinwa bicapwa ku bipapuro bikoreshwa mu bakunzi bakuru, umubiri w’umwirabura, umubiri w’ubuhinga n’umubiri w’umwirabura uzunguruka. Ibikoresho bitandukanye vy’icapa birafise uburyo butandukanye, ku bijanye n’ibikorwa bitandukanye vy’ibintu bifise ingaruka nziza cane.

Mu gishushanyo c’ugupfunyika hakoreshejwe amajambo atandukanye cane canke ashaje. Umubiri wo gushaza mu buryo butandukanye, amahinduka nyamukuru mu buryo bw’amahinduka mu buryo bw’imiterere, amahinduka y’indwara, amahinduka y’imiterere, amahinduka y’amashusho n’ibindi. Ku bijanye n’ibirimwo bitandukanye bikwiye kuba uguhitamwo neza.

Kugira ngo uhitemwo imyandikire y'imiterere y'ibipapuro, muri rusangi, ikwiye kwitwararika ingingo zikurikira:

1-Uburyo bw'inyuguti bukwiye kwerekana ibiranga ibirimwo.

2- Umenye neza ko umuntu yemerwa neza, gusomwa, cane cane gukoresha umubiri w’amafoto. Kugira ngo umuntu yirinde umuguzi rusangi ntashobora gusoma, akwiye guhindurwa, akaryoha, kugira ngo ashobore kwemerwa na bose, ata gutakaza uburyohe bwayo bw’ubuhinga. Zirikana ko iryo zina nyene, ibirimwo nk’ivyo mu buryo bw’inyuguti kugira ngo bibe bihuye.

Mu gishushanyo c’ivyanditswe, hariho ugukoresha indimi z’amahanga gukoresha .hanze ibicuruzwa hanze, Ubu rero igikundiro ni Icongereza, Ubwo bwoko bw’igisomwa burangwa n’ijambo ry’urudome, n’inyuguti 26 ziri mu nzira yo hejuru canke mu buryo bw’ibice.